MANAJEMEN RISIKO BANK WAKAF MIKRO (BWM) DAN KEMUNGKINAN PENGEMBANGAN MODEL BERBASIS SYARIAH DI INDONESIA

Rasiam Rasiam

doi:10.24260/al-maslahah.v21i1.2551

MANAJEMEN RISIKO BANK WAKAF MIKRO (BWM) DAN KEMUNGKINAN PENGEMBANGAN MODEL BERBASIS SYARIAH DI INDONESIA

Rasiam Rasiam

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the risk of Micro Waqf Bank (BWM) in terms of legal and operational risks. This research method is descriptive with a qualitative approach. This type of research is a case study, namely the practice of Micro Waqf Banks in Indonesia. In addition, this study also examines the literature related to the legal basis of Micro Waqf Banks (BWM). Finding; First; Micro Waqf Banks (BWM) in Indonesia face legal risks that are very crucial and cannot be ignored. The existence of regulatory dualism regarding Micro Waqf Banks as Islamic Microfinance Institutions (LKMS) with cooperative legal entities, is regulated in Law Number 17 of 2012 concerning Cooperatives and Law Number 1 of 2013 concerning Microfinance Institutions. This dualism in the regulation of Micro Waqf Banks results in disharmony or overlapping of arrangements regarding establishment and licensing, guidance, supervision, inspection and evaluation. This dualism of the legal basis will definitely complicate the operational management of BWM going forward. Second; management risk lies in the small and less qualified human resources. The Islamic boarding schools that are entrusted with managing the revolving of BUMN CSR funds have not been optimally trained and have not had experience so far. Third; The models that allow it to be developed are syirkah and ijarah models. This model is more flexible and far more productive, in terms of sharia it is safe because it has been issued directly by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI). This means that the halal syirkah and ijrah products have received legality from the authorities.

Keywords

Micro Waqf Bank, legal risk, operational risk and development model.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abdul Razzaq Abdul-Majeed Alaro, Abdulrahman Habeeb Alalubosa (2017); Potential of Sharī’ah compliant microfinance in alleviating poverty in Nigeria: A lesson from Bangladesh. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, https://doi.org/10.1108/ IMEFM-01-2017-0021

Abdullah ath-Thayyar dkk (2004); Al-Fiqhul Muyassar Qismul Mu’amalat, Mausu’ah Fiqhiyyah Haditsah Tatanawalu Ahkamal Fiqhil Islami Bi Uslub Wadhih Lil Mukhtashin wa Ghairihim; Maradul Wathan Lin Nasyr, Riyadh.

Abu Su’ud Muhammad bin Muhammad Mushthafa al-‘Imadi al-Afandi al-Hanafi, Risalah fi Jawazi Waqf an-Nuqud, Bairut-Dar Ibn Hazm, cet ke-1, 1417 H/1997 M

Ambert, A.-M., Adler, PA, Adler, P. and Detzner, DF (1995), “Memahami dan mengevaluasi penelitian kualitatif”, Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 57 No.4, hlm.879-893.

Euis Amalia (2021); Bahan Ajar Fiqh Muamalah, Ekonomi dan Keungan Kontemporer

Jaih Mubarok dan Hasanudin (2021); Fiqh Mu’amalah Maliyah, Akad Syirkah dan Mudharabah, SIMBIOSA Bandung.

Lyons, HZ, Bike, DH, Ojeda, L. dan Flores, LY (2013), “Penelitian kualitatif sebagai praktik keadilan sosial dengan populasi yang beragam secara budaya universitas LaVerne”, Jurnal Aksi Sosial dalam Konseling dan Psikologi, Vol. 5 No.2, hlm. 10-25.

Miles, Matthew B., A. Michael Huberman, dan Johnny Saldaña. 2014. Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Mohammad Tahir Sabit Haji Mohammad, (2015); "Theoretical and trustees’ perspectives on the establishment of an Islamic social (Waqf) bank", Humanomics, Vol. 31 Iss 1 pp. 37 – 73 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/H-05-2013-0032

Mohamed Aslam Haneef Ataul Huq Pramanik Mustafa Omar Mohammed Md. Fouad Bin Amin Aliyu Dahiru Muhammad (2015); "Integration of waqf-Islamic microfinance model for poverty reduction", International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, Vol. 8 Iss 2 pp. 246 -270 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-03-2014-0029

Mohamed Asmy Bin Mohd Thas Thaker Mustafa Omar Mohammed Jarita Duasa Moha Asri Abdullah, (2016), "Developing Cash Waqf Model as an Alternative Source of Financing for Micro Enterprises in Malaysia", Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, Vol. 7 Iss 4 pp.-Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-09-2014-0029

Nafis Irkhami Zakat, Kharāj, ’Ushr, And Jizya As The Instruments Of Islamic Public Finance: A Contemporary Study Share Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Islam Issn: 2089-6239 (P); 2549-0648 (E) Vol. 8, No. 1, 2019; Pp. 90-113 Doi: 10.22373/Share.V8i1.3804

Nugroho, R. Y. Y., Adiyanto, M. R., & Idialis, A. R. (2022). Does the role of micro waqf bank affect the economy of young mothers in the village? European Journal of Business and Management Research, 7(3), 124–132.

Prananingtiyas & Silk (2020); Legal Consequences of Dualism Regulation on Micro Waqf Bank as a Sharia Microfinance Institution in Indonesia. Varia Justicia Journal Vol.16 No.1 (2020)

Permata Wulandari & Salina Kasim (2016); Issues and challenges in financing the poor: case of Baitul Maal Wa Tamwil in Indonesia. International Journal of Bank Marketing; Vol. 34 No. 2, 2016; pp. 216-234 Emerald Group Publishing Limited 0265-2323 DOI 10.1108/IJBM-01-2015-0007

Rose Abdullah, Abdul Ghafar Ismail (2015); "Taking stock on the waqf-based Islamic microfinance model", International Journal of Social Economics,

Rozalinda and Nurhasanah (2020); “Bank Wakaf Mikro; Its Operations and its Role in Empowering Communities Surrounding Islamic Boarding Schools in Indonesia”. Journal of Islamic and Social Studies. Vol 6, No.1, January-June 2020

Rusyda Afifah Ahmad, Syofi Aruni Mafaza, Resi Handayani (2021); Integrated Cash Waqf And Islamic Microfinance To Poverty Alleviate el Barka: Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Vol.: 4 (1), 2021, 61 - 80 DOI: 10.21154/elbarka. v4i1.3018 p-ISSN : 2657-1153 e-ISSN : 2657-1862

Salman Ahmed Shaikh (2017) ; Application of waqf for social and development finance. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance Vol. 9 No. 1, 2017 pp. 5-14 Emerald Publishing Limited 0128-1976 DOI 10.1108/IJIF-07-2017-002

Surita Hartini Mat Hassan, Sakinatul Raadiyah Abdullah, Farahdina Fazial, Che Khadijah Hamid, Salimah Yahaya (2021); The Implementation of Ijarah in Producing the Wakaf Property: Studies in Penang, Malaysia. Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciencess, 11(1), 849–857

Taqiyyuddin Abi Bakr bin Muhammad al-Husaini al-Hishni ad-Dimasyqi asy-Syafi’i, Kifayah al-Akhyar fi Halli Ghayah al-Ikhtishar, Surabaya-Dar al-‘Ilm, tt, juz, 1

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24260/al-maslahah.v21i1.2551